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--- 1880-1900an [2022/07/06 07:05] – [Peta Kuantan 1891] sazli
+++ 1880-1900an [2023/05/01 15:39] (kini) – [1906: Pahang Consolidated Company Limited] sazli
@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 Pada tahun 1893, denai sepanjang 12 batu telah diterokai merentasi hutan dari Sungai Lembing ke Kuala Reman (kira-kira separuh jalan ke Kuantan). Setelah itu, masa perjalanan di antara Sungai Lembing ke Kuantan dapat dipendekkan (asalnya 2-15 hari, mengikut keadaan paras air sungai): //"By 1893, a track through the jungle was cut from Sungei Lembing to Kuala Reman, a point about 12 miles down stream. A specially designed shallow draught stern-wheeler sent out from England was then able to get up the river as far as Kuala Reman, and the journey from Kuantan to Sungei Lembing, which on one occasion took 15 days and rarely less than two, was appreciably shortened. Even so, for years after, the journey by river was unreliable, since it was so often either in flood during the monsoon season or, in the dry season, there was insufficient water in its upper reaches, and in quite recent times the river was not navigable above Pasir Kemudi."// (Pahang Consolidated Company, 1966: {{ :lampiran:jb1290_tmhp.pdf ||}}[[http://myrepositori.pnm.gov.my/handle/123456789/3319|"Sixty Years of Tin Mining: A History of The Pahang Consolidated Company - 1906-1966: I. The Pioneering Years - The Pahang Corporation"]] ([[http://myrepositori.pnm.gov.my/bitstream/123456789/3319/1/JB1290_TMHP.pdf|PDF]]), m.s. 16).
+{{:gambar:gettyimages-1124460726-2048x2048.jpg?600|A stop on the Kuantan river for breakfast}} \\
+//"A stop on the Kuantan river for breakfast, Malaysia, 1894. Artist H.M. Becher."// (Royal Geographical Society via Getty Images, 01 January, 1894: {{ :laman:a_stop_on_the_kuantan_river_for_breakfast_malaysia_1894._artist..._news_photo_-_getty_images.pdf ||}}[[https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/stop-on-the-kuantan-river-for-breakfast-malaysia-1894-news-photo/1124460726|"A stop on the Kuantan river for breakfast"]]).
 Pemberontakan Dato' Bahaman, bersama Tok Gajah dan Mat Kilau mulai akhir tahun 1891 menambahkan lagi cabaran kepada pengusaha lombong. Pada akhir tahun 1893 hasil perlombongan di Pahang didapati masih belum memuaskan. Kesannya, Residen British membatalkan banyak konsesi perlombongan di Pahang, dan tiada pelaburan baru di sektor ini untuk tahun 1894. Pada tahun 1895, hanya lombong-lombong lod sedia ada sahaja (termasuk Pahang Corporation) yang masih aktif:-
@@ Line 169: / Line 172: @@
 ===== Peta Kuantan 1891 =====
-{{:peta:peta-kuantan-1891.png?800|Peta Kuantan 1891}} \\
+{{:peta:peta-kuantan-1891.png?900|Peta Kuantan 1891}} \\
 Peta Kuantan 1891: //"Map covers part of eastern Malaya showing Trengganu, part of Kelantan, part of Pahang, coastline fronting (South) China Sea, islands, approximate state boundaries, tracks, place names, kampongs, rivers, streams, hill hachures, locations with tin or gold, "tin countries", Penjum with gold location, Gold Company at Raub, (London) Pahang Syndicate at a gold location, (Kuala) Trengganu, Pekan, Kota Glanggi (limestone caves), Gonong Tahan, Sungei Kuantan, Sungei Pahang, Sungei Jalai (Jelai), Sungei Tembeling, Sungei Telang, Sungei Lipis, Sungei Semantan, Sungei Bilut, Sungei Bentong, Sungei Kelantan, descriptions "Uninhabited (except by Jakuns)", "Inhabited by Sakai & Semang", "All the country above the S. Tembeling and west of the Pahang and Jelei Rivers from above Triang first explored by William Cameron, 1882" and others."// (Royal Geographical Society, London, 1891: {{ :arkibgambar:map_of_the_malay_peninsula_1891.pdf ||}}[[https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/maps_building_plans/record-details/315ba572-035e-11e9-9481-001a4a5ba61b|"Map Of The Malay Peninsula 1891"]]).
@@ Line 208: / Line 211: @@
 Menjelang awal 1900-an, negeri-negeri Selat Tanah Melayu menghasilkan kira-kira 60 peratus bijih timah dunia. Perlombongan sebelum ini, terutamanya di pantai barat, adalah lombong terbuka (//alluvial//). Di Ulu Kuantan, kebanyakannya adalah lombong lod/telerang (//lode mine//), dan yang terbesar adalah rangkaian lombong-lombong lod syarikat Pahang Corporation (Willink's, Nicholson's, Bell's North, Bell's South, Pollocks, Jeram Batang) dan Pahang-Kabang (Bai(y)as). (W.T. Saunders, 1904: {{ :lampiran:6314_elb.pdf ||}}[[https://archive.org/details/miningengineer24goog|"Transactions of The Institution of Mining Engineers, Vol. 27, 1903-1904"]]: [[https://nederlandsetinvereniging.nl/showdetail.php?id=1794|"Tin-mining in the Straits Settlements"]] ([[https://nederlandsetinvereniging.nl/userfiles/File/6300/6314_ELB.pdf|PDF]])) \\
+===== Peta Kuantan 1898 =====
+{{:peta:peta-kuantan-1898.png?900|Peta Kuantan, 1898}} \\
+Peta Kuantan, 1898 (John van Cuylenburg, 1898 @ Geographicus: {{ :laman:a_map_of_the_malay_peninsula_compiled_by_and_published_for_the_straits_branch_of_the_royal_asiatic_society_singapore._geographicus_rare_antique_maps.pdf ||}}[[https://www.geographicus.com/P/AntiqueMap/malaypeninsula-cuylenburg-1898|"1898 Cuylenburg / Stanford Map of Malaya Peninsula: Malaysia, Singapore, Siam"]]).
 ===== 1900-1909: Kemerosotan Pahang Corporation, dan Kemunculan Loke Yew di Gambang =====
@@ Line 249: / Line 257: @@
 (Sumber utama: Dr. R.G. Cant, 1973: {{ :lampiran:irsk.pdf ||}}[[https://www.mbras.org.my/monograph4.html|"An Historical Geography of Pahang"]] ([[https://fliphtml5.com/xqag/irsk/|PDF]]), m.s. 53-54).
-{{:gambar:h4032-l70822850.jpg|Sijil Syer Pahang Consolidated Company Limited}} \\ Sijil Syer Pahang Consolidated Company Limited (HWPH Historisches Wertpapierhaus AG, 2015: {{ :laman:pahang_consolidated_company_limited.pdf ||}}[[https://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/pahang-consolidated-company-limited-899-c-60940eb8ae|"Lot 899: Pahang Consolidated Company Limited"]]).
+{{:gambar:h4032-l70822850.jpg|Sijil Syer Pahang Consolidated Company Limited}}{{:gambar:hill-mining-pahang-1910.png?280|}} \\
+**Kiri**: Sijil Syer Pahang Consolidated Company Limited (HWPH Historisches Wertpapierhaus AG, 2015: {{ :laman:pahang_consolidated_company_limited.pdf ||}}[[https://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/pahang-consolidated-company-limited-899-c-60940eb8ae|"Lot 899: Pahang Consolidated Company Limited"]]). \\
+**Kanan**: //"View of the Pahang placer tin mining area, ca. 1910."// (Sumber: Mindat.org: {{ :laman:kuantan_district_pahang_malaysia.pdf ||}}[[https://www.mindat.org/loc-288012.html|"Kuantan District, Pahang, Malaysia"]]).
 Suatu perbincangan menarik berkenaan sejarah Pahang Consolidated Company Limited: Mine Exploration & Mining History - Mine Exploration Forum, 2011-2019: {{ :laman:view_topic_-_british_miners_in_malaya_1888-1915_uk_mine_exploration_forums_-_general_chat_.pdf ||}}[[https://www.aditnow.co.uk/community/viewtopic.aspx?t=5994|"British Miners in Malaya 1888-1915"]].
+===== Suasana Perlombongan Sekitar 1920-an =====
+{{:gambar:open-cast-tin-mine-1920.png?450|}}{{:gambar:bullock-cart-ore-town-1920.png?450|}} \\
+**Kiri**: //"View of the Pahang placer tin mining area, ca. 1920."// \\
+**Kanan**: //"View of the Pahang placer tin mining area, ca. 1920."// \\
+(Sumber: Mindat.org: {{ :laman:kuantan_district_pahang_malaysia.pdf ||}}[[https://www.mindat.org/loc-288012.html|"Kuantan District, Pahang, Malaysia"]]).
+===== Peta Kuantan 1928 =====
+{{:peta:peta-kuantan-1928.png?900|Peta Kuantan 1928}} \\
+Kawasan konsesi Pahang Consolidated Company Limited, di sebelah utara peta Kuantan 1928 (Survey Department, Singapore; 测量局; Singapore. Survey Department, 1928: {{ :laman:pahang_1928.pdf ||}}[[https://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/maps_building_plans/record-details/f98900ee-115c-11e3-83d5-0050568939ad|"Pahang,1928"]]).
+{{:peta:peta-kuantan-1928-salinan.png?900|Peta Kuantan 1928 (salinan tahun 1942-1943)}} \\
+Kawasan konsesi Pahang Consolidated Company Limited, di sebelah utara peta Kuantan 1928 (salinan tahun 1942-1943): //"Copied from a map published by the F. M. S. & S. S. Survey dept. 1928."// (Great Britain. War Office. General Staff. Geographical Section, 1942-1943: {{ :laman:pahang_1928_in_searchworks_catalog.pdf ||}}[[https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/2829544|"Pahang, 1928"]]).
 ===== Taburan Kawasan Bijih Timah (Setakat 1940) =====